Turbocharger Guide: What it is and How to Choose the Right One

Have you ever wondered how some cars can accelerate so quickly? The answer lies in their turbochargers. Car turbos are devices that compress intake air, allowing for more fuel to be burned and increasing the power output of petrol engines.

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The heart of a turbocharger is its turbine section, which includes a turbine wheel, turbine housing, and turbine inlet. These components work together to compress incoming air and force it into the engine’‘s cylinders. Modern turbos are smaller and lighter than their predecessors, making them more efficient and responsive at low revs.

To prevent over-boosting and damage to the engine, internal wastegates are used to regulate the flow of gas through the turbine housing. Turbos are commonly found in passenger cars where they provide increased power and improved fuel efficiency.

If you want to increase your car’‘s horsepower or improve its acceleration, adding a small turbo may be just what you need.

The Function of a Turbocharger

What is a Turbocharger and How Does it Work?

A turbocharger is a type of forced induction system that compresses the air entering the engine. The compressed air allows more fuel to be added, which in turn increases the power output of the engine. A turbocharger uses exhaust gases to spin an exhaust turbine wheel, which drives a compressor to increase the amount of air entering the engine.

Types of Turbochargers

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There are several types of turbochargers available in the market today. One common type is known as a scroll turbocharger. These use spiral-shaped housing to compress air more efficiently than other types of turbos.

Another type is multiple turbochargers, where two or more turbos are used in a single system to provide more boost and reduce turbo lag. A single turbo can also be used in some engines.

Components of a Turbo System

A typical turbo system consists of several components including:

• Turbine: This component uses exhaust gases from the engine to spin an exhaust turbine wheel.

• Compressor: The compressor increases the amount of air entering into the engine.

• Intercooler: An intercooler cools down compressed air before it enters into an engine.

• Exhaust gas flow: The flow rate and pressure of exhaust gases determine how fast and efficiently turbines spin.

• Wastegate: This component regulates how much exhaust gas flows through the turbine wheel, controlling boost levels.

Advantages and Disadvantages

The primary advantage of using a turbocharged engine is increased power output without increasing its size or weight significantly. It also improves fuel efficiency by allowing smaller engines to produce similar power outputs as larger ones.

However, there are some disadvantages associated with using car turbos. They can create additional heat and stress on an engine’‘s components, causing them to wear out faster than normal. They can cause "turbo lag," which is a delay in power delivery when the turbocharger is not spinning fast enough.

Types of Turbochargers Available

Turbochargers are devices that help to increase the power output of an engine by compressing the air that enters it. There are two main types of turbochargers available: traditional and twin-scroll.

Traditional Turbocharger

The traditional turbocharger has a single exhaust gas inlet and a single compressor outlet. It works by using the energy from the exhaust gases to spin a turbine, which in turn drives a compressor wheel. This compressor wheel then compresses the incoming air, increasing its density and allowing more fuel to be burned, resulting in more power.

One important factor when choosing a traditional turbocharger is its size. Larger turbos can provide more power but have slower response times, while smaller turbos can provide faster response times but may not be able to produce as much power.

Another factor to consider is the efficiency and operating range of the turbocharger. Compressor maps are used to determine these factors, which show how much airflow can be provided at different levels of boost pressure.

Twin-Scroll Turbocharger

The twin-scroll turbocharger has two separate exhaust gas inlets and two separate compressor outlets. This design allows for better control over airflow through the engine, resulting in improved performance and responsiveness.

In this type of turbocharger, each cylinder bank has its own scroll on both the exhaust and intake sides. These scrolls are designed so that they do not interfere with each other’‘s flow patterns, allowing for smoother operation overall.

Twin-scroll turbochargers are often used in high-performance applications where quick throttle response is essential. They tend to be more expensive than traditional turbochargers due to their complex design.

Hybrid or Electric Turbochargers

Some manufacturers offer hybrid or electric turbochargers that use an electric motor to spool up the turbo instead of relying solely on exhaust gases. This allows for faster response times and reduced lag between throttle input and boost delivery.

Hybrid or electric turbochargers can be used in both gasoline and diesel engines. They are particularly useful in hybrid vehicles, where they can help to improve fuel efficiency by reducing the load on the engine.

Choosing the Right Turbocharger for Your Engine

Car turbos have become a popular choice for many drivers. However, choosing the right turbocharger can be challenging, as there are several factors to consider before making a purchase.

Consider the Engine Size and Type When Choosing a Turbocharger

The size and type of your engine play an essential role in determining the type of turbocharger you need. For instance, if you have a small engine with low displacement, then you may want to consider a smaller-sized turbocharger that can provide quick spool-up times. On the other hand, if you have a larger engine with higher displacement, then you may need a bigger-sized turbocharger that can deliver more boost pressure.

Diesel Engines Require Different Turbochargers than Petrol Engines

Diesel engines require different types of turbochargers than petrol engines because they operate at lower RPMs and produce more torque. In contrast, petrol engines run at higher RPMs and produce less torque. Therefore, diesel engines require larger-sized turbos that can handle high exhaust gas flow rates while maintaining low backpressure levels.

Single Cylinder Engines Need Smaller Turbos than Multi-Cylinder Engines

Single-cylinder engines typically require smaller turbos than multi-cylinder engines because they have less exhaust gas flow rate. If you are looking for a turbocharger for your single-cylinder engine, then you should consider one that has faster spool-up times and provides quicker acceleration.

Turbochargers for Aircraft Engines are Designed to Withstand High Altitudes and Speeds

Turbochargers used in aircraft engines are designed to withstand high altitudes and speeds. They must also be able to maintain their performance in extreme weather conditions such as icing or high temperatures. These types of turbos are typically more expensive than those used in cars and require regular maintenance to ensure optimal performance.

Electric Motor RPM Limits Affect the Choice of Turbocharger Bearing and Wheel Size

If you have an electric motor, then you need to consider the RPM limits when choosing a turbocharger. The bearing and wheel size should be selected based on the maximum RPM range of your electric motor. If you exceed this limit, then your turbocharger may fail, resulting in costly repairs.

Factors to Consider When Installing a Turbocharger

If you’‘re looking to boost the performance of your car, installing a turbocharger is an excellent way to do it. A turbocharger can increase your engine’‘s power output and improve overall efficiency. However, not all turbochargers are created equal, and there are several factors to consider when selecting one for your vehicle.

Aspect Ratio

One of the most important factors to consider when selecting a turbocharger is its aspect ratio. The aspect ratio refers to the relationship between the size of the turbine wheel and the compressor wheel. A higher aspect ratio means that the turbine wheel is larger than the compressor wheel, while a lower aspect ratio means that the compressor wheel is larger than the turbine wheel.

The aspect ratio affects both the efficiency and performance of the turbocharger. A higher aspect ratio can provide better boost response at lower RPMs, making it ideal for street driving or daily commutes. On the other hand, a lower aspect ratio can provide better top-end power, making it more suitable for racing or high-performance applications.

When choosing an aspect ratio, it’‘s important to consider your driving needs and goals. If you’‘re looking for improved acceleration and low-end torque, then a higher aspect ratio may be best for you. If you’‘re more concerned with top-end speed and horsepower, then a lower aspect ratio may be more appropriate.

Other factors to consider when selecting a turbocharger include:

Compressor Size

The size of the compressor housing also plays an important role in determining how much power your turbocharged engine will produce. A larger compressor housing will allow for greater airflow into your engine, which translates into more power output.

However, there are trade-offs associated with using a larger compressor housing. For one thing, it can increase lag time between throttle input and boost delivery - meaning slower acceleration off-the-line or out-of-corners until boost builds up sufficiently.

Turbine Size

The size of the turbine housing is also important, as it affects how quickly exhaust gases can exit the engine. A larger turbine housing will allow for faster exhaust flow, which means more power output.

However, like with compressor size, there are trade-offs associated with using a larger turbine housing. For one thing, it can increase backpressure and reduce overall efficiency - meaning less power output per unit of fuel consumed.

Materials

The materials used to construct your turbocharger can also make a big difference in its performance and durability. Look for turbochargers made from high-quality materials that can withstand the high temperatures and pressures involved in forced induction.

Brand Reputation

Finally, it’‘s important to consider the reputation of the brand when selecting a turbocharger. Look for brands with a proven track record of producing high-quality products that perform well under real-world conditions.

Common Installation Mistakes to Avoid

Installing a car turbo can be a challenging task, especially if you are new to the process. Even experienced mechanics make mistakes that can cause damage to the turbo or other engine components. To avoid costly repairs and ensure optimal performance, here are some common installation mistakes to avoid.

Use Proper Tools During Installation

Using the right tools is critical when installing a car turbo. Using improper tools can damage the turbo’‘s housing or other parts, leading to leaks or decreased performance. Make sure you have all the necessary tools before starting the installation process.

Some of the essential tools include torque wrenches, pliers, screwdrivers, and sockets. A torque wrench helps ensure that bolts are tightened to the correct specification without over-tightening them. Pliers come in handy when removing or installing clamps on hoses and pipes.

Check All Components for Damage or Wear

Before installing a car turbo, it is crucial to inspect all components for damage or wear. This includes checking for cracks in the housing, worn bearings, damaged compressor wheels, and worn turbine shafts.

If any of these components show signs of wear or damage during inspection, they should be replaced immediately before proceeding with the installation process. Failure to do so can lead to further damage and expensive repairs down the line.

Properly Assemble The Housing And Cold Side

Assembling a car turbo’‘s housing correctly is critical for optimal performance and longevity. One mistake many people make is not torquing down bolts properly during assembly.

It is also essential to ensure that all gaskets are properly seated before assembling any components. If there are any gaps between gaskets or housings during assembly, it can cause leaks that will affect performance.

The cold side of a car turbo also needs proper assembly since it connects directly with your engine’‘s intake system. Ensure that all connections between pipes and hoses leading into your engine’‘s intake manifold are secure and leak-free.

Avoid Placing The Turbo On Its Side During Installation

When installing a car turbo, it is essential to avoid placing it on its side. Doing so can cause oil to enter the compressor housing, leading to damage or failure of the turbocharger.

Instead, place the turbo on a level surface with the oil drain facing downward. This will allow any excess oil to drain out of the housing before starting your engine.

Benefits of Upgrading Your Turbocharger

More Power with a Large Turbo

One of the main benefits of upgrading your car’‘s turbocharger is increased power. A larger turbo allows more air to be compressed and forced into the engine, resulting in more power output. This means that your car will accelerate faster, have better top-end speed, and overall provide a more exciting driving experience.

High Exhaust Flow for Efficient Operation

Another benefit of an upgraded turbocharger is high exhaust flow. This allows for more efficient operation of the turbo, as it can spin faster and generate more boost pressure. The result is improved performance without sacrificing fuel efficiency.

Better Performance with Increased Boost Pressure

Upgrading your car’‘s turbocharger also results in increased boost pressure, which leads to better performance. With higher boost levels, you’‘ll notice quicker throttle response and improved acceleration at all speeds. You’‘ll have access to higher peak horsepower numbers when running at full boost.

Achieving Higher RPMs with an Upgraded Turbo

An upgraded turbo allows for higher RPMs to be achieved without sacrificing reliability or durability. This is because the larger size of the turbo provides a wider operating range than stock turbos, allowing for greater flexibility in tuning and achieving higher speeds.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Upgrading Your Turbo

While there are many benefits to upgrading your car’‘s turbocharger, there are also some disadvantages to consider. One potential drawback is increased stress on the engine components due to higher levels of boost pressure and heat generated by the larger turbo. This can lead to reduced engine life if not properly maintained or monitored.

Another disadvantage is cost; upgrading a car’‘s turbocharger can be expensive depending on the make and model of the vehicle as well as individual preferences for aftermarket parts and installation services.

Consult with a Boost Adviser

To ensure that you get the most out of your upgraded turbocharger while avoiding potential drawbacks, it’‘s important to consult with a boost adviser. These experts can help you determine the optimal boost threshold and tuning for your specific vehicle, as well as recommend appropriate aftermarket parts and installation services.

Importance of Properly Maintaining and Upgrading Your Turbocharger

Regular Maintenance of Your Turbocharger Can Improve Fuel Efficiency

Regular maintenance is crucial for the longevity and efficiency of your car’‘s turbocharger. One significant benefit of maintaining your turbocharger is improved fuel efficiency. A poorly maintained turbocharger can cause a drop in fuel economy, leading to more frequent refueling and increased expenses.

To maintain the efficiency of your turbocharger, you should regularly check its oil supply, air filters, and exhaust system. These components are essential to ensure that the turbocharger operates smoothly and efficiently.

Upgrading Your Turbocharger Can Increase Energy Output

Upgrading your car’‘s turbocharger can significantly improve its performance by increasing energy output. A high-quality aftermarket turbocharger will offer better airflow, resulting in more power output from the engine.

When upgrading your car’‘s turbocharger, it’‘s essential to consider factors such as compatibility with other engine components, cost-effectiveness, and reliability. You should also seek professional advice before making any modifications to avoid damaging other parts of the engine.

Neglecting Maintenance Can Lead to Costly Repairs and Downtime

Neglecting maintenance can lead to costly repairs or even total failure of your car’‘s turbocharger. The most common cause of damage is insufficient lubrication or dirty oil. Over time, this can cause wear on critical components such as bearings or seals.

When a turbo fails due to lack of maintenance, it often leads to extended downtime while waiting for replacement parts or repairs. This can be especially problematic if you rely on your vehicle for work or daily transportation.

A Properly Functioning Turbocharger Can Save You Time on the Road

A well-maintained and properly functioning turbocharged engine can save you time on the road by providing higher torque at low RPMs. This means that you’‘ll have more power available when accelerating from a stop or merging onto a highway.

A turbocharged engine can provide better performance at high altitudes, where the air is thinner. This is because the turbocharger compresses the air before it enters the engine, providing more oxygen for combustion.

Investing in a High-Quality Turbocharger Can Improve Overall Performance

Investing in a high-quality turbocharger can significantly improve your car’‘s overall performance. A well-designed and properly installed turbocharger will provide increased power output, improved fuel efficiency, and better acceleration.

When selecting a new turbocharger, you should consider factors such as compatibility with other engine components, cost-effectiveness, and reliability. It’‘s also essential to seek professional advice to ensure that you choose the right product for your specific needs.

AMT TurbochargersProviders

High-Quality Geometry Turbochargers

AMT Turbochargers are among the leading providers of high-quality geometry turbochargers in the market. These turbochargers are designed to improve engine performance, fuel efficiency, and overall driving experience. AMT’‘s products are made with precision engineering and top-notch materials that ensure they meet the highest standards.

Geometry turbochargers have become increasingly popular among car enthusiasts and racing professionals due to their unique design features. Unlike traditional turbos, geometry turbos have variable vanes that adjust according to engine speed, flow rate, and other factors. This results in better response times, increased power output, and improved fuel economy.

AMT’‘s range of geometry turbochargers includes a variety of sizes and specifications to fit different vehicle models. The company works closely with top manufacturers to ensure their products meet all requirements for quality, safety, and performance.

Top Manufacturers

One of the reasons why AMT is a trusted provider of turbochargers is because they work with some of the best manufacturers in the industry. Their partners include BorgWarner, Garrett Advancing Motion, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI), IHI Corporation, Cummins Turbo Technologies (Holset), Honeywell Transportation Systems (Garrett), Precision Turbo & Engine Inc., Turbonetics Inc., among others.

By partnering with these manufacturers, AMT can offer a wider range of high-quality products that cater to different needs and preferences. Each manufacturer brings its unique expertise and technology to the table which helps AMT stay ahead of competitors in terms of innovation and product development.

Improved Engine Performance And Fuel Efficiency

AMT’‘s geometry turbochargers are designed to provide significant improvements in engine performance and fuel efficiency. By increasing air intake pressure into an engine’‘s combustion chamber through forced induction using a turbine-driven compressor or supercharger unit on internal combustion engines (ICEs), it enhances the engine’‘s performance.

Turbochargers increase the amount of air flowing into an engine, which allows it to burn more fuel and produce more power. This results in improved acceleration, higher top speeds, and better overall driving experience. Turbochargers can help reduce emissions by improving fuel efficiency and reducing the carbon footprint of a vehicle.

Who Makes Turbos?

There are several manufacturers that produce turbos for different applications. Some of the most popular ones include:

• BorgWarner: A global leader in providing engineered systems and components for powertrain applications.

• Garrett Advancing Motion: A leading technology provider that designs, manufactures, and sells turbocharger systems for passenger cars, commercial vehicles, and off-highway equipment.

• Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI): A diversified manufacturer with expertise in various fields such as aerospace, energy systems, industrial machinery, transportation systems, among others.

• IHI Corporation: A Japanese engineering company that specializes in producing turbochargers for automotive and marine engines.

• Cummins Turbo Technologies (Holset): A subsidiary of Cummins Inc., which provides innovative solutions for diesel engines across many industries.

Conclusion

In conclusion, upgrading your car’‘s turbocharger can provide numerous benefits such as increased horsepower and improved fuel efficiency. When choosing the right turbocharger for your engine, it is important to consider factors such as the size of the turbo, the type of driving you do, and your budget. Proper installation and maintenance are also crucial to ensure optimal performance. AMT Turbochargers offer a wide variety of options for all types of engines and their providers can help guide you through the selection process.

Investing in an upgraded turbocharger can significantly enhance your vehicle’‘s performance and overall driving experience. Don’‘t hesitate to reach out to AMT Turbochargers’‘ providers for expert advice on selecting and installing the best option for your car.

FAQs

1. How much does a new turbocharger cost?

The cost of a new turbocharger can vary depending on several factors such as brand, size, and type. It is recommended to consult with AMT Turbochargers’‘ providers for an accurate estimate based on your specific needs.

2. Can I install a turbocharger myself?

While it is possible to install a turbocharger yourself, it is highly recommended to seek professional installation services to ensure proper installation and avoid costly mistakes.

3. Will upgrading my turbo void my car’‘s warranty?

It is important to check with your car manufacturer regarding their warranty policies before making any modifications or upgrades.

4. How often should I maintain my turbocharger?

Regular maintenance intervals depend on various factors such as usage frequency and driving conditions but generally range from every 10,000 - 25,000 km.

5. What are some signs that my turbocharger needs repair or replacement?

Some common signs include decreased power output, excessive smoke from the exhaust, unusual sounds coming from the engine or exhaust system, and oil leaks around the turbine housing or compressor wheel area.

08/06/2025